Map2Traj: Street Map Piloted Zero-shot Trajectory Generation Method for Wireless Network Optimization

In modern wireless networks, user mobility modeling plays a pivotal role in learning-based network optimization, particularly in tasks such as user association and resource allocation. Traditional random mobility models, e.g., random waypoint and Gauss Markov model, often fail to accurately capture the distribution patterns of users within real-world areas. While trace-based mobility models and advanced learning-based trajectory generation methods offer improvements, they are frequently limited by the scarcity of real-world trajectory data in target areas, primarily due to privacy concerns. This paper introduces Map2Traj, a novel zero-shot trajectory generation method that leverages the diffusion model to capture the intrinsic relationship between street maps and user mobility. With solely the street map of an unobserved area, Map2Traj generates synthetic user trajectories that closely resemble the real-world ones in trajectory pattern and spatial distribution. This enables the creation of high-fidelity individual user channel states and an accurate representation of the overall network user distribution, facilitating effective wireless network optimization. Extensive experiments across multiple regions in Xi'an and Chengdu, China demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method for zero-shot trajectory generation. A case study applying Map2Traj to user association and load balancing in wireless networks is also presented to validate its efficacy in network optimization.