WinSpot: GUI Grounding Benchmark with Multimodal Large Language Models

AbstractGraphical User Interface (GUI) automation relies on accurate GUI grounding. However, obtaining large-scale, high-quality labeled data remains a key challenge, particularly in desktop environments like Windows Operating System (OS). Existing datasets primarily focus on structured web-based elements, leaving a gap in real-world GUI interaction data for non-web applications. To address this, we introduce a new framework that leverages LLMs to generate large-scale GUI grounding data, enabling automated and scalable labeling across diverse interfaces. To ensure high accuracy and reliability, we manually validated and refined 5,000 GUI coordinate-instruction pairs, creating WinSpot—the first benchmark specifically designed for GUI grounding tasks in Windows environments. WinSpot provides a high-quality dataset for training and evaluating visual GUI agents, establishing a foundation for future research in GUI automation across diverse and unstructured desktop environments.