Mitigating Noise and Imbalance in Social Governance Graphs for Multi-Type Risk Assessment

Abstract Heterogeneous graphs are widely used to model real-world systems with diverse entity types and relational structures, and existing methods have shown promising performance in various applications. However, most current models assume balanced and semantically aligned features across nodes, which rarely holds in practice. In scenarios such as social risk governance, node types often exhibit severe feature imbalance, making it difficult for standard aggregation mechanisms to extract meaningful signals. This imbalance leads to three key challenges: inaccurate neighbor weighting, noise propagation, and biased representations skewed toward text-rich nodes. To address these issues, we propose HeCoGNN, a collaborative and adaptive aggregation framework that jointly performs neighbor filtering and relation-aware message calibration, enabling robust representation learning under semantic disparity. Experiments on real-world social governance graphs show that HeCoGNN consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, particularly in handling underrepresented and noisy node types.