LLMSegm: Surface-level Morphological Segmentation Using Large Language Model

AbstractMorphological word segmentation splits a given word into its morphemes (roots and affixes), the smallest meaning-bearing units of language. We introduce a novel approach, called LLMSegm, to surface-level morphological segmentation leveraging large language models (LLMs). The proposed approach is applicable in low-data settings as well as for low-resourced languages. We show how to transform the surface-level morphological segmentation task to a binary classification problem and train LLMs to solve it efficiently. For input, we leverage the information from the default LLM subword tokenisation, and a custom morphological segmentation using novel encoding. The evaluation of LLMSegm across seven morphologically diverse languages demonstrates substantial gains in minimally-supervised settings as well as for low-resourced languages, compared to several existing competitive approaches. In terms of F1-scores and accuracy, we achieve improved results compared to the competing methods in six out of seven datasets. Keywords: morphological segmentation, surface-level segmentation, large language models, low-resource settings